Confine them in solitude and darkness

Interior, Newgate, August 2009.

"We believe it would be much better to confine them in solitude and darkness in the cells, until they will submit and reform ... As a further means of punishment, it is probably best to retain the Tread Mill. The state have already incurred considerable expence for this machine."

-Committee recommends closing Newgate and constructing a new state penitentiary with cells for individual prisoners. (1826)