After October 1980, Haitian entrants to South Florida were processed at Krome. "The builders used prisons as their guiding image, so control superseded humane control" — Mark Dow, American Gulag. Courtesy of: Michael Carlebach / Special Collections, University of Miami Libraries

Many detainees contracted preventable illnesses due to poor sanitation and overcrowding. By 1990, advocacy groups began to report “abuse, harassment, and intimidation” (as described in the Miami Herald) by guards. Courtesy of: Michael Carlebach / Special Collections, University of Miami Libraries

Krome’s reputation of abuse towards women was notorious in the 1980’s and 1990’s. The facility had been the subject of federal investigations of alleged abuses every few years since 1986. Courtesy of: Michael Carlebach / Special Collections, University of Miami Libraries

Roughly ten percent of the female detainees reported sexual misconduct by INS officers. Prior to 1990, many incidents of sexual abuse toward Haitian women went unreported due to language barriers. Courtesy of: Gary Monroe / Duke University Libraries

In 2000, Krome became an all-male facility due to overcrowding and reports of abuse by guards on female detainees. Since 2003, the facility has been run by ICE. Courtesy of: Gary Monroe / Duke University Libraries